In this paper, we give rigorous justification of the ideas put forward in §20, Chapter 4 of Schubert's book; a section that deals with the enumeration of conics in space. In that section, Schubert introduced two degenerate conditions about conics, i.e., the double line and the two intersection lines. Using these two degenerate conditions, he obtained all relations regarding the following three conditions:conics whose planes pass through a given point, conics intersecting with a given line, and conics which are tangent to a given plane. We use the language of blow-ups to rigorously treat the two degenerate conditions and prove all formulas about degenerate conditions stemming from Schubert's idea.
Banghe LI
. UNDERSTANDING SCHUBERT'S BOOK (II)[J]. Acta mathematica scientia, Series B, 2022
, 42(1)
: 1
-48
.
DOI: 10.1007/s10473-022-0101-4
[1] Li B H. Understanding Schubert's Book (I). Acta Mathematica Scientia, 2021, 41B:97-113
[2] Schubert H. Kalkül der abzählenden Geometrie. Berlin-New York:Springer-Verlag, 1979(A Chinese translation has been published by Science Press in China in 2018.)
[3] Li B H. Hilbert Problem 15 and nonstandard analysis (I). Acta Mathematica Scientia, 2020, 40B(1):1-15
[4] Kleiman S L. Problem 15. Rigorous foundation of Schubert's enumerative calculus, in the book Mathematical Developments Arising from Hilbert Problems, Proceeding of Symposia in Pure Mathematics of the American Mathematical Society, Vol 28. American Mathematical Society, 1976
[5] Wang D K. Zero Decomposition Algorithms for System of Polynomial Equations. Proc of the 4th Asian Symposium, Computer Mathematics, 2000:67-70
[6] Xambó S. Using Intersection Theory. Sociedad Matematica Mexicana, 1996
[7] Serre J P. Algèbre Locale Multiplicités. LNM 11. Springer, 1965
[8] Grayson D. Coincidence Formulas in Enumerative Geometry. Communications in Algebras, 1979, 16(7):1685-1711
[9] Griffiths P, Harris J. Principles of Algebraic Geometry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1978
[10] Chow W L. On equivalence classes of cycles in an algebraic variety. Annals of Mathematics, 1956, 64(3):450-479
[11] Robert J. Chow's moving lemma//Oort F, ed. Algebraic Geometry, Olso 1970. Groningen:WoltersNoordhoff Publ, 1972:89-96
[12] Fulton W. Intersection Theory. 2nd ed. Springer, 1998