MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS TO CRITICAL MAGNETIC SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS

  • Ruijiang WEN ,
  • Jianfu YANG
Expand
  • School of Mathematics and Statistics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
E-mail: jfyang200749@sina.com

Received date: 2023-03-02

  Revised date: 2023-08-08

  Online published: 2024-08-30

Supported by

J. Yang's research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12171212).

Abstract

In this paper, we are concerned with the existence of multiple solutions to the critical magnetic Schrödinger equation

$\begin{matrix}(-{\rm i}\nabla-A(x))^2u+\lambda V(x)u=\mu |u|^{p-2}u+\Big(\int_{\mathbb{R^N}}\frac{|u(y)|^{2^*_\alpha}}{|x-y|^\alpha}{\rm d}y\Big)|u|^{2^*_\alpha-2}u\quad {\rm in}\ \mathbb{R}^N,\end{matrix}$ (0.1)

where $N\geq4$, $2\leq p<2^*$, $2^*_\alpha=\frac{2N-\alpha}{N-2}$ with $0<\alpha<4$, $\lambda>0$, $\mu\in\mathbb{R}$, $A(x)= (A_1(x), A_2(x),\cdots , A_N(x))$ is a real local Hölder continuous vector function, $i$ is the imaginary unit, and $V(x)$ is a real valued potential function on $\mathbb{R}^N$.Supposing that $\Omega={\rm int}\,V^{-1}(0)\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ is bounded, we show that problem (0.1) possesses at least cat$_\Omega(\Omega)$ nontrivial solutions if $\lambda$ is large.

Cite this article

Ruijiang WEN , Jianfu YANG . MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS TO CRITICAL MAGNETIC SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS[J]. Acta mathematica scientia, Series B, 2024 , 44(4) : 1373 -1393 . DOI: 10.1007/s10473-024-0411-9

References

[1] Alves C O, Ding Y H. Multiplicity of positive solutions to a $p$-Laplacian equation involving critical nonlinearity. J Math Anal Appl, 2003, 279: 508-521
[2] Alves C O, Figueiredo G M. Multiple solutions for a semilinear elliptic equation with critical growth and magnetic field. Milan J Math, 2014, 82: 389-405
[3] Alves C O, Figueiredo G M, Furtado M F. Multiple solutions for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with magnetic fields. Communications in Partial Differential Equations, 2011, 36: 1565-1586
[4] Arioli G, Szulkin A. A Semilinear Schrödinger equation in the presence of a magnetic field. Arch Rational Mech Anal, 2003, 170: 277-295
[5] Bahri A, Coron J M. On a nonlinear elliptic equation involving the critical Sobolev exponent: the effect of the topology of the domain. Comm Pure Appl Math, 1988, 41: 253-294
[6] Bartsch T, Wang Z Q. Multiple positive solutions for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Z Angew Math Phys, 2000, 51: 366-384
[7] Benci V, Cerami G. Positive solutions of some nonlinear elliptic problems in exterior domains. Arch Rational Mech Anal, 1987, 99: 283-300
[8] Benci V, Cerami G. The effect of the domain topology on the number of positive solutions of nonlinear elliptic problems. Arch Rational Mech Anal, 1991, 114: 79-93
[9] Bueno H, Mamami G G, Pereira G A. Ground state of a magnetic nonlinear Choquard equation. Nonlinear Anal, 2019, 181: 189-199
[10] Chabrowski J, Yang J F. Multiple semiclassical solutions of the Schrödinger equation involving a critical Sobolev exponent. Port Math, 2000, 57: 273-284
[11] Cingolani S, Lazzo M. Multiple semiclassical standing waves for a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Topol Methods Nonlinear Anal, 1997, 10: 1-13
[12] Clapp M, Ding Y H, Positive solutions for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with critical nonlinearity. Z Angew Math Phys, 2004, 55: 592-605
[13] Cingolani S, Clapp M, Secchi S. Multiple solutions to a magnetic nonlinear Choquard equation. Z Angew Math Phys, 2012, 63: 233-248
[14] Cingolani S, Secchi S, Squassina M. Semi-classical limit for Schrödinger equations with magnetic field and Hartree-type nonlinearities. Proc Roy Soc Edinburgh A, 2010, 140: 973-1009
[15] Coron J M. Topologie et cas limite des injections de Sobolev. C R Acad Sci Paris, Séries I, 1984, 299: 209-212
[16] Del Pino M, Felmer P. Local Mountain Pass for semi-linear elliptic problems in unbounded domains. Calc Var Partial Differ Equ, 1996, 4: 121-137
[17] Esteban M, Lions P L.Stationary solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with an external magnetic field//Colomini F, et al. PDE and Calculus of Variations. Boston: Birkhäuser, 1989: 401-449
[18] Floer A, Weinstein A, Nonspreading wave packets for the cubic Schrödinger equation with a bounded potential. J Funct Anal, 1986, 69: 397-408
[19] Gao F S, Yang M B. On the Brezis-Nirenberg type critical problem for nonlinear Choquard equation. Sci China Math, 2018, 61: 1219-1242
[20] Gao F S, Yang M B. On nonlocal Choquard equations with Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponents. J Math Anal Appl, 2017, 448: 1006-1041
[21] Ghimenti M, Pagliardini D. Multiple positive solutions for a slightly subcritical Choquard problem on bounded domains. Calc Var Partial Differ Equ, 2019, 58: 1-21
[22] Goel D. The effect of topology on the number of positive solutions of elliptic equation involving Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent. Top Methods in Nonlinear Anal, 2019, 54: 751-771
[23] Guo L, Hu T X, Peng S J, et al. Existence and uniqueness of solutions for Choquard equation involving Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent. Calc Var Partial Differential Equations, 2019, 58: Art 128
[24] Ji C, Rădulescu V D. Multi-bump solutions for the nonlinear magnetic Choquard equation with deepening potential well. J Differential Equations, 2022, 306: 251-279
[25] Lieb E H. Existence and uniqueness of the minimizing solution of Choquard's nonlinear equation. Studies in Appl Math, 1976/77, 57: 93-105
[26] Lieb E H, Loss M. Analysis. Providence, RI: Amer Math Soc, 1997
[27] Lions P L. The Choquard equation and related questions. Nonlinear Anal, 1980, 4: 1063-1072
[28] Liu F Q, Yang J F, Yu X H. Positive solutions to multi-critical elliptic problems. Ann di Mate Pura ed Appl, 2023, 202: 851-875
[29] Lü D F. Existence and concentration behavior of ground state solutions for magnetic nonlinear Choquard equations. Commun Pure Appl Anal, 2016, 15: 1781-1795
[30] Moroz V, Schaftingen J Van. Groundstates of nonlinear Choquard equations: existence, qualitative properties and decay asymptotics. J Funct Anal, 2013, 265: 153-184
[31] Moroz V, Schaftingen J Van. Groundstates of nonlinear Choquard equations: Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent. Comm Contem Math, 2015, 17: 1550005
[32] Mukherjee T, Sreenadh K.On concentration of least energy solutions for magnetic critical
Choquard equations. J Math Anal Appl, 2018, 464: 402-420
[33] Ma P, Zhang J H.Existence and multiplicity of solutions for fractional Choquard equations.
Nonlinear Analysis, 2017, 164: 100-117
[34] Salazar D. Vortex-type solutions to a magnetic nonlinear Choquard equation. Z Angew Math Phys, 2015, 66: 663-675
[35] Tang Z W, Wang Y L. Least energy solutions for semilinear Schrödinger equation with electromagnetic fields and critical growth. Science China Mathematics, 2015, 58: 2317-2328
[36] Wang X F, Zeng B, On concentration of positive bound states of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with competing potential functions. SIAM J Math Anal, 1997, 28: 633-655
[37] Willem M. Minimax Theorems. Boston: Birkhäuser, 1996
[38] Wen R J, Yang J F, Yu X H. Multiple solutions for critical nonlocal elliptic problems with magnetic field. Discrete Contin Dyn Syst Ser S, 2024, 17(2): 530-546
[39] Xu Z Y, Yang J F. Multiple solutions to multi-critical Schrödinger equations. Advanced Nonlinear Studies, 2022, 22: 273-288
[40] Yang M B, Wei Y H. Existence and multiplicity of solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with magnetic field and Hartree type nonlinearities. J Math Anal Appl, 2013, 403: 680-694
Options
Outlines

/